The European Higher Education Area has been the process promoted by the European Union through which a European area of higher education has been created as a privileged means to promote mobility and employability of European citizens and the continent's global development, recognizing the role of universities in the enhancement of the European cultural dimension.
These objectives are included in the Bologna Declaration.
Through these pedagogical lines, the aim is to promote the concept of "Lifelong Learning" and attention to the different and changing profiles of students.
The implementation of the European ECTS credit system (European Credit Transfer System) is one of the measures established in the construction of the European Higher Education Area recommended in the Bologna Declaration and later.
ECTS credits were born with the European “SOCRATES-ERASMUS" mobility program, facilitating the equivalences and recognition of studies carried out in other countries of the European Union.
The ECTS credit allows to easily understand and compare the different educational systems, facilitate the recognition of professional qualifications and national and international mobility, with full recognition of the studies taken and increase collaboration between European universities.
The ECTS credit places value on the student's real learning effort, not exclusively on the teacher's class hours as established in the traditional credit concept.
The ECTS credit will have a minimum value of 25 hours and a maximum of 30 hours, the hours corresponding to the lectures, theoretical or practical, the hours of study, those dedicated to the realization of seminars, papers, internships and projects, and those required for the preparation and realization of the exams and evaluation tests.
Each academic course will have 60 credits.
The European ECTS credit is regulated by Royal Decree 1125/2003 of the Ministry of Education.
The issuance of the European Diploma Supplement (EDS) is one of the measures established with the implementation of the European Higher Education Area.
Students who complete official university studies (Undergraduate degrees, Certificates of advanced study, Bachelor's degrees, etc.) can apply for the EDS. It is requested along with the issuance of the degree diploma in the General Courses Secretary.
The EDS is the document that accompanies each of the university degrees of an official nature and is valid throughout the national territory, with unified information, personalized for each university graduate, on the studies taken, the results obtained, the professional skills acquired and the level of their degree in the national system of higher education.
The EDS aims to increase the transparency of the various higher education degrees taught in European countries and facilitate their academic and professional recognition.
The European Diploma Supplement is regulated by Royal Decree 22/2015 of the Ministry of Education.
The Bologna declaration of 1999, signed by 29 European ministers of education, marked the beginning of the convergence process towards the EHEA, which became a reality in 2010.
The declaration of Bologna is complemented by others made later by rectors (Salamanca 2001), students (Goteborg 2001) and ministers (Berlin 2003, Bergen 2005 y London 2007) that have been giving shape and precision to this process.